Germany

EPA (public universities): tuition is €0 in most states, plus a semester contribution of €150–350 (Baden-Württemberg charges non-EU students €1,500/semester); estimated living costs are ~€934/month (typical range €930–1,100/month). GAC (private universities): tuition is €7,000–20,000/yr overall, broken down as Bachelor's €7,000–12,000/yr, Master's €10,000–20,000/yr, MBA €15,000–30,000 (full programme), and Foundation/pathway €5,000–9,000/yr; estimated living costs are ~€950–1,300/month. Both routes require a blocked account (Sperrkonto) of €11,904 (2026) as proof of funds, with a visa blocked-account monthly release rate of €992.

For public universities (EPA route), German is the official language though English-taught master's programmes are widely available; Bachelor's needs IELTS 6.0–6.5/TOEFL (or German B1–B2 for German-taught courses) and Master's needs IELTS 6.5/TOEFL (German proficiency required for German-taught master's, GRE/GMAT for some programmes). For private universities (GAC route), English is the language of instruction throughout, with IELTS 6.0–6.5 for Bachelor's and IELTS 6.5 for Master's (GMAT for some MBAs).

Indian applicants need an APS certificate (mandatory academic document verification), an official university admission letter, and a blocked account (Sperrkonto) of €11,904 for the visa year; they then apply for the National (long-stay/D) student visa via VFS with valid health insurance, and after arrival complete address registration (Anmeldung) and convert to a residence permit.

Graduates get an 18-month job-seeker permit to find work after graduation. The EU Blue Card route applies from €45,934/yr (shortage roles) or €50,700/yr (standard) under 2026 thresholds, and Blue Card holders can qualify for permanent residence in as little as 21–33 months. During study, international students may work 140 full or 280 half days per year (about 20 hours a week).